1.中国人民公安大学 侦查学院,北京 100038
2.公安部鉴定中心,北京 100038
孙振文,博士,副研究员,研究方向:微量物证检验,E-mail: skbuffon@163.com
刘 耀,研究员,研究方向:毒物毒品分析,E-mail: liuyao1123@aliyun.com
收稿:2026-02-12,
修回:2026-04-11,
录用:2026-04-13,
网络首发:2026-04-29,
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韩冬, 张冠男, 刘占芳, 孙振文, 刘耀. 基于HS-SPME/GC-MS的燃气爆炸现场常见载体中痕量加臭剂检测[J/OL]. 分析测试学报, 2026,1-9.
HAN Dong, ZHANG Guan-nan, LIU Zhan-fang, SUN Zhen-wen, LIU Yao. Detection of Trace Odorants in Common Carriers at Gas Explosion Sites Based on HS-SPME/GC-MS[J/OL]. Journal of Instrumental Analysis, 2026, 1-9.
韩冬, 张冠男, 刘占芳, 孙振文, 刘耀. 基于HS-SPME/GC-MS的燃气爆炸现场常见载体中痕量加臭剂检测[J/OL]. 分析测试学报, 2026,1-9. DOI: 10.12452/j.fxcsxb.26021203.
HAN Dong, ZHANG Guan-nan, LIU Zhan-fang, SUN Zhen-wen, LIU Yao. Detection of Trace Odorants in Common Carriers at Gas Explosion Sites Based on HS-SPME/GC-MS[J/OL]. Journal of Instrumental Analysis, 2026, 1-9. DOI: 10.12452/j.fxcsxb.26021203.
建立了燃气爆炸现场常见载体中痕量加臭剂的顶空-固相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱(HS-SPME/GC-MS)分析方法,系统研究了燃气爆炸现场复杂基质中的背景干扰效应。结果显示,四氢噻吩(THT)、甲硫醚(DMS)及乙硫醇(EM)的线性关系良好(
r
²
>
0.99),检出限为0.05~37.59 ng/g,加标回收率为87.3%~115%。日内及日间相对标准偏差(RSD,
n
=3)分别为4.4%~8.3%和4.2%~8.9%。采用质量比为1~200的梯度加标法构建干扰体系,建立了信号响应值随干扰物浓度变化的一阶指数衰减模型(
r
²⩾0.93),揭示了基质干扰下的信号抑制规律。结果表明,信号抑制的主导机制为涂层位点的竞争吸附,抑制强度呈现显著选择性:萘
>
甲苯
>
正十五烷;加臭剂的抗掩盖能力排序为:THT
>
DMS
>
EM。基质影响方面,棉纤维表现出最佳的抗干扰能力,而土壤的基质抑制效应最为显著。全尺寸模拟爆炸实验进一步证实,土壤与海绵凭借其微孔结构的物理包裹作用,在爆炸2 h后仍能检出THT。该文首次量化了常见基质的抗性边界条件,为燃气爆炸案事件调查及现场物证鉴定提供了科学依据与采样策略建议。
A headspace-solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS) method was developed for the analysis of trace odorants in common substrates collected from gas explosion sites. The background interference effects within complex matrices were systematically investigated. The method exhibited excellent linearity (
r
²
>
0.99) for tetrahydrothiophene(THT), dimethyl sulfide(DMS), and ethyl mercaptan(EM), with limits of detection ranged of 0.05-37.59 ng/g.The spiked recover
ies ranged from 87.3% to 115%. The intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations(RSDs,
n
=3) were 4.4%-8.3% and 4.2%-8.9%, respectively. An interference system was constructed using gradient spiking at mass ratios of 1-200, and a first-order exponential decay model(
r
²≥0.93) was established to describe the relationship between signal response and interferent concentration, revealing the signal suppression pattern under matrix interference. Results indicated that competitive adsorption at the fiber coating sites was the dominant mechanism for signal suppression, showing a distinct selectivity order: naphthalene
>
toluene
>
n
-pentadecane. Among the target odorants, the resistance to masking followed the order: THT
>
DMS
>
EM. Regarding matrix effects, cotton fibers demonstrated the highest resistance to interference, while soil exhibited the most pronounced suppression. Full-scale simulated explosion experiments further confirmed that soil and sponge, owing to the physical encapsulation within their microporous structures, could retain detectable THT for up to two hours post-explosion. This study quantifies the interference resistance thresholds of common matrices for the first time, providing a scientific foundation and strategic sampling recommendations for gas explosion investigations and forensic evidence identification.
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