1.湖北中烟工业有限责任公司,湖北 武汉 430000
2.中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东 青岛 266100
庞雪莉,博士,副研究员,研究方向:风味化学,E-mail:pangxueli@caas.cn
王 剑,高级工程师,研究方向:雪茄原料,E-mail:wangjian@sx.hbtobacco.cn
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施友志,潘勇,杜甫等.基于SHS/GC-IMS、OAV值结合多元统计学的不同品种雪茄烟叶特征香气构成差异解析[J].分析测试学报,2023,42(06):674-683.
SHI You-zhi,PAN Yong,DU Fu,et al.Identification and Discrimination of Characteristic Aroma Components of Different Cigar Leaves Based on Static Headspace/Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry Combined with Relative Odor Activity Value and Multivariate Statistical Analysis[J].Journal of Instrumental Analysis,2023,42(06):674-683.
施友志,潘勇,杜甫等.基于SHS/GC-IMS、OAV值结合多元统计学的不同品种雪茄烟叶特征香气构成差异解析[J].分析测试学报,2023,42(06):674-683. DOI: 10.19969/j.fxcsxb.22113001.
SHI You-zhi,PAN Yong,DU Fu,et al.Identification and Discrimination of Characteristic Aroma Components of Different Cigar Leaves Based on Static Headspace/Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry Combined with Relative Odor Activity Value and Multivariate Statistical Analysis[J].Journal of Instrumental Analysis,2023,42(06):674-683. DOI: 10.19969/j.fxcsxb.22113001.
采用静态顶空/气相色谱-离子迁移谱(SHS/GC-IMS)对不同品种雪茄烟叶的挥发性风味化合物构成特点进行了解析,结合阈值和气味属性初步明确了不同品种雪茄烟叶的风格特征,并基于多元统计分析方法筛选不同品种雪茄烟叶的差异风味标志物。共鉴定出82种挥发性风味组分,包括含氮化合物(胺类、吡啶、吡嗪、腈类)、含氧杂环化合物、含硫化合物、脂肪醇、脂肪醛、脂肪酮、脂肪酸、脂肪酯、内酯、单萜烯和芳香族化合物共11类。其中,三甲胺在全部雪茄烟叶中均具有绝对浓度优势和最高的气味贡献度,是雪茄烟刺激性氨味和鱼鲜腥味的主要物质来源。层次聚类分析(HCA)显示,在挥发性组分构成上,楚雪80和楚雪81与多米尼加雪茄烟叶较为相似,其香韵构成丰富,以奶香为主,辅以可可香和辛香;印尼雪茄烟叶独具一格,果甜香特征最突出。基于气味贡献度(OAV)的偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)显示,三甲胺(氨味、鱼鲜腥味)、3-甲基丁酸乙酯(苹果、柑橘、甜香味)、2,3-丁二酮(黄油、奶油味)、异丁酸乙酯(苹果、热带水果味)、二甲基二硫醚(卷心菜、泥土、硫化物风味)、1-戊烯-3-醇(青草味)、2-甲基丙醛(黑巧克力味)、己醛(青草味)、丁酸乙酯(苹果、香蕉味)、乙酸乙酯(果香味)、2-甲基丙酸(奶酪味)是不同品种雪茄风格差异的主要物质基础。研究结果能为国内雪茄烟叶风味品质改善和特色化配套生产技术开发提供数据支撑和理论指导。
To clarify the flavor characteristics of different species of cigar leaves,a static headspace/gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry(SHS/GC-IMS) was applied to the comparative analysis of volatile composition in five kinds of superior cigar leaves,including three domestic and two foreign varieties.Then,the flavor characteristics of different cigar leaves were evaluated based on calculation of odor activity value(OAV).Consequently,the differential odorant markers among different cigar leaves were screened based on multivariate statistical analysis of their OAVs.A total of 82 volatile flavor compounds were detected and identified in domestic and foreign cigar leaves,covering a wide range of 11 chemical categories,including nitrogen-contained compounds(amines,pyridine,pyrazine and nitriles),oxygen-contained heterocyclic compounds,sulfur-contained compounds,aliphatic alcohols,aliphatic aldehydes,aliphatic ketones,aliphatic acids,aliphatic esters,lactones,monoterpenes and aromatic compounds.Among these identified volatile compounds,trimethylamine dominated both in concentration and OAV in all cigar leaves.Therefore,it was deemed to be the main source of the pungent ammonia and fishy odor of cigar leaves.Hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA) showed that in terms of volatile components,Chuxue 80 and Chuxue 81 were similar to Dominican cigar leaves.They were characterized by rich aroma properties,dominated by “creamy”,and supplemented by “cocoa-like/roasted/nutty” and “spicy” note.While the flavor of Indonesian cigar leaves was unique,with the “fruity-sweet” as the most prominent flavor attribute.The partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) based on OAVs showed that trimethylamine(ammonia/fishy),ethyl 3-methylbutyrate(apple/citrus/sweet),2,3-butanedione(butter/cream),ethyl isobutyrate(apple/tropical fruit),dimethyl disulfide(cabbage/earth/sulfide),1-penten-3-ol(mushroom/earth),2-methylpropanal(dark chocolate),hexal(grassy),ethyl butyrate(apple/banana),ethyl acetate(fruity),2-methyl propanoic(cheesy) were the main odorant markers responsible for flavor differences among all cigar leaves.The results of present research could provide data support and theoretical guidance for improving the flavor quality of domestic cigar tobacco leaves and developing the flavor-guided production technology for cigar leaves.
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cigar leavesvolatile flavor compoundsstatic headspace/gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometrymultivariate statistical analysisodor activity valuedifferential odorant marker
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