1.宁波检验检疫科学技术研究院,浙江 宁波 315048
2.宁波海关技术中心,浙江 宁波 315048
3.宁波中盛产品检测有限公司,浙江 宁波 315048
童嘉琦,博士,工程师,研究方向:食品接触材料中有害物检测与迁移行为研究,E - mail:tyrles@yeah.net
扫 描 看 全 文
童嘉琦,詹何珊,朱晓艳等.一次性塑料餐具中风险物质的筛查[J].分析测试学报,2022,41(10):1523-1529.
TONG Jia-qi,ZHAN He-shan,ZHU Xiao-yan,et al.Screening of Specified Risk Materials in Disposable Plastic Tableware[J].Journal of Instrumental Analysis,2022,41(10):1523-1529.
童嘉琦,詹何珊,朱晓艳等.一次性塑料餐具中风险物质的筛查[J].分析测试学报,2022,41(10):1523-1529. DOI: 10.19969/j.fxcsxb.22063009.
TONG Jia-qi,ZHAN He-shan,ZHU Xiao-yan,et al.Screening of Specified Risk Materials in Disposable Plastic Tableware[J].Journal of Instrumental Analysis,2022,41(10):1523-1529. DOI: 10.19969/j.fxcsxb.22063009.
研究筛查和识别了一次性餐具(餐盒、杯子和吸管)中向食品模拟物10%乙醇和化学替代溶剂95%乙醇迁移的物质种类,以评估迁移物及一次性塑料餐具的安全风险。采用10%乙醇或95%乙醇在特定迁移条件下浸泡样品,浓缩浸泡液,用气相色谱-质谱仪(GC-MS)测定浓缩液中的物质,通过比对质谱数据库并结合红外光谱仪得到的样品信息,推测迁移物结构,并通过对比对照品或三重四极杆质谱分析方式确认。利用Cramer规则预测识别迁移物的毒性,结合测定的迁移量判断迁移物安全风险。在测试样品中识别出19种迁移物,其中有意添加物包括聚乳酸树脂及共混树脂的合成原料、润滑剂、增塑剂等,非有意添加物包括聚酯及有机硅树脂中的低聚物和增塑剂、抗氧剂中的杂质或副产物等。聚丙烯材质餐具中迁出的物质种类较少,而聚乳酸材质餐具以及无机填充聚丙烯餐具中迁出的物质种类相对较多;多数迁移物在95%乙醇中迁移量高于在10%乙醇中迁移量。安全评估结果显示,在含油脂食品模拟物中,聚乳酸或无机填充聚丙烯餐具中环状硅氧烷等低聚物和抗氧剂副产物等非有意添加物的迁出危害需引起关注。
Unknown species migrating from commercially available disposable plastic tableware(including lunch boxes,cups and straws) to food simulant 10% ethanol or substitute test media 95% ethanol were screened and identified,to assess the safety risk of migrated substances from disposable plastic tableware.Commercially available samples were soaked with 10% ethanol or 95% ethanol under the specific migration conditions according to the usage of the samples.Soaking solutions of products from migration tests were concentrated and determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Meanwhile,each sample was analyzed with infrared spectrometer,which indicated that the tested disposable plastic tablewares were mainly made of polylactic acid or polypropylene.MS spectra of migrated species from GC-MS were then compared with a MS database.Combined with material information from infrared spectrometer,structures of migrated species were predicted.Then the structures were confirmed by comparison with reference substances or determination of triple quadrupole MS.Species could further be quantitatively determined with corresponding reference substances.Cramer’s rule was used to predict the toxicity of migrated substances.Combined with the measured migration amount,safety risks of migrated substances and relative samples were assessed.Finally,19 kinds of migrated species in all the tested samples were screened and identified,among which intentionally added substances(IAS) included synthetic raw materials of polylactic acid resin or its blended resin(like lactide,butane-1,4-diol and dimethyl succinate),lubricant(like methyl oleate) and plasticizers(like di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate).Non-intentionally added substances(NIAS) included oligomers of polyester or silicone resins(like cyclic siloxanes) and by-products from plasticizers or antioxidants additives.There were few kinds of substances migrating out of polypropylene based tableware,while there were relatively more kinds of substances migrating from polylactic acid based tableware or tableware of inorganic filled polypropylene.Most of identified IAS or NIAS,which are structurally hydrophobic,tend to have higher migration in substitute test media 95% ethanol(which is a substitute of fatty food simulant) than the aqueous food simulant 10% ethanol.Since Cramer's rule predicted species like cyclic siloxanes and methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate had relatively high toxicity,the safety assessment results suggest that,when disposable plastic tableware is used to contact with fatty food,the migration and hazards of oligomers and by-products of antioxidants in polylactic acid or composite polypropylene tableware need to be paid attention to.
一次性餐具非有意添加物气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)迁移
disposable tablewarenon-intentionally added substancesgas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)migration
National Development and Reform Commission. No. 80 〔2020〕 of Environmental Resources Department of Development and Reform Commission(国家发展和改革委员会.发改环资〔2020〕80号). [2022-06-30]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xxgk/zcfb/tz/202001/t20200119_1219275.htmlhttps://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xxgk/zcfb/tz/202001/t20200119_1219275.html.
Hu Y,Yu W W,Hu C Y.Packag. Eng. (胡毅,余稳稳,胡长鹰.包装工程),2022,43(7):63-74.
GB/T 18006.3-2020. General Requirement of Degradable Disposable Tableware. National Standards of the People's Republic of China(一次性可降解餐饮具通用技术要求.中华人民共和国国家标准).
GB/T 41008-2021. Biodegradable Drinking Straws. National Standards of the People’s Republic of China(生物降解饮用吸管.中华人民共和国国家标准).
Commission European. Commission Regulation(EU) No 10/2011. [2022-06-30]. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2011/10/ojhttps://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2011/10/oj.
GB 4806.1-2016. National Food Safety Standard General Safety Requirements for Food Contact Materials and Articles. National Standards of the People’s Republic of China(食品安全国家标准 食品接触材料及制品通用安全要求.中华人民共和国国家标准).
Shi Y Q,Liang C Z,Tang Z X.J. Food Saf. Qual. (史艳琴,梁成珠,汤志旭.食品安全质量检测学报),2020,11(24):9075-9082.
Omer E,Bichon E,Hutinet S,Royer A L,Monteau F,Germon H,Hill P,Remaud G,Dervilly-Pinel G,Cariou R,Le Bizec B.J. Chromatogr. A,2019,1601:327-334.
Osorio J,Dreolin N,Aznar M,Nerín C,Hancock P.J. Chromatogr. A,2019,1599:215-222.
Horodytska O,Cabanes A,Fullana A.Chemosphere,2020,251:126373.
Canellas E,Vera P,Nerín C.Talanta,2019,205:120103.
Bauer A,Jesús F,Ramos M J G,Lozano A,Fernández-Alba A R.Food Chem.,2019,295:274-288.
Yang B,Wu W,Shi J Y.China Meas. Test(杨彬,吴伟,石俊永.中国测试),2021,47(7):64-67,102.
Li Z C,Wu X F,Dong B,Li D,Zhong H N,Chen Y F,Zheng J G.J. Instrum. Anal. 黎梓城,吴学峰,董犇,李丹,钟怀宁,陈燕芬,郑建国.分析测试学报),2022,41(6):903-909.
Wu J J,Ye L,Zhi Z H,Xia Y N.J. Instrum. Anal. (吴景杰,叶蕾,支朝晖,夏伊宁.分析测试学报),2021,40(11):1627-1632.
Yang J,Ma X,Yang D Y,Sui H X,Du Z X.J. Instrum. Anal. (杨颉,马鑫,杨道远,隋海霞,杜振霞.分析测试学报),2021,40(11):1553-1560.
Dong B,Li Z C,Zheng J G,Liu Z Y,Cheng S,Li D,Lin Q B,Zhong H N.Sci. Technol. Food Ind. 董犇,黎梓城,郑建国,刘中勇,陈胜,李丹,林勤保,钟怀宁.食品工业科技),2021,42(18):252-260.
Liu H,Wang L,Cheng S,Li D,Zhong H N,Ren Z F,Li Z C.J. Food Saf. Qual. 刘宏,王亮,陈胜,李丹,钟怀宁,任照芳,黎梓城.食品安全质量检测学报),2020,11(13):4139-4149.
GB 31604.1-2015. National Food Safety Standard-General Rules for Migration Testing of Food Contact Materials and Articles. National Standards of the People’s Republic of China(食品安全国家标准 食品接触材料及制品迁移试验通则.中华人民共和国国家标准).
GB 5009.156-2016. National Food Safety Standard-General Rules for Pretreatment Methods for Migration Tests of Food Contact Materials and Articles. National Standards of the People’s Republic of China(食品安全国家标准 食品接触材料及制品迁移试验预处理方法通则.中华人民共和国国家标准).
EN 1186-1∶2002. Materials and Articles in Contact with Foodstuffs-Plastics-Part 1:Guide to the Selection of Conditions and Test Methods for Overall Migration. European Standard.
European Food Safety Authority and World Health Organization. Review of the Threshold of Toxicological Concern(TTC) Approach and Development of New TTC Decision Tree. [2022-06-30]. https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2016.EN-1006https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2903/sp.efsa.2016.EN-1006.
Li H D,Zhang Y C.China Plast. (李怀栋,张云灿.中国塑料),2003,17(5):44-49.
He X L,Ma Y,Wang J F,Li Z R,Liu L,Pang S Y,He Y.Eng. Plast. Appl. 何欣龙,马云,王继芬,李卓容,刘林,庞松颖,何亚.工程塑料应用),2019,47(5):122-126.
Lu X L,Cai W,Zhao L C.J. Funct. Mater. (鲁玺丽,蔡伟,赵连城.功能材料),2004,35(z1):2287-2289.
Nie F M,Zhu R D,Zhang P,Zhou A H,Tian X M,Chen X M,Yang F W.China Synth. Resin Plast. 聂凤明,朱锐钿,张鹏,周安宏,田秀梅,陈晓明,阳范文.合成树脂及塑料),2015,32(1):59-62.
Zhang L D.Handbook of Chemical:Products Rubber and Plastic Additives. 6th ed. Wang J,Yu L M. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press(张林栋.化工产品手册 橡塑助剂.6版.王军,于令梅.北京:化学工业出版社),2015.
GB 9685-2016. National Food Safety Standard-Use of Additives for Food Contact Materials and Articles. National Standards of the People’s Republic of China(食品安全国家标准 食品接触材料及制品用添加剂使用标准.中华人民共和国国家标准).
Li Z Z,Zhang X R,Qi D L,Hu G H,Wang W,Feng D.J. Chin. Inst. Food Sci. Technol. (栗真真,张喜荣,戚冬雷,胡光辉,王尉,封棣.中国食品学报),2018,18(3):235-243.
0
浏览量
5
下载量
0
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构