In view of current situation for the quality evaluation system of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）,the key scientific problems for TCM quality evaluation are summarized.The methods for quality evaluation of TCM based on “discovery” and “control” effective ingredients are mainly discussed in this paper.Combined with the author′s years of experience in quality analysis and research of TCM,the research contents,means and application scopes of three quality evaluation and detection methods are analyzed,including “spectrum effect” relationship research,multi wavelength fusion fingerprint and biological activity determination,so as to provide a reference for enriching and improving the quality control methods and quality standard system of TCM.