At present,as a new rapid detection method,near infrared spectroscopy rapid detection has been widely used in the fields of agriculture,food,beverage,oil,material,pharmacy,medicine,animal and plant quarantine and its industrial process.Based on the introduction of the principle and application of near infrared rapid detection,an idea is put forward in this paper to introduce the near infrared spectroscopy detection into the technical field of port safety,aiming at the application requirements such as intelligent classification of commodities,rapid identification of material composition,rapid quarantine identification of animal and plant products,as well as online monitoring of the loading and unloading process of commodities in port safety supervision.Meanwhile,a scientific and technological foundation is layed for the realization of the dual goals of port trade security and trade facilitation,and the research and application prospects of near infrared spectroscopy detection in port security supervision are presented.