Ionic liquid-based ultrahigh pressure-assisted extraction(IL-UPE) combined with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was applied in extracting arctiin and arctigenin in Fructus Arctii.The influences of experimental factors including ionic liquids with different cations and anions,ionic liquid concentration,extraction pressure,extraction time and ratio of solid to liquid,were investigated.The optimal conditions were as follows：extraction solvent：0.80 mol/L 1-lauryl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid solution,extraction pressure：200 MPa,extraction time：2 min,solid/liquid ratio:1∶20(g/mL).Under the optimum conditions,the yields of arctiin and arctigenin are 37.15 mg/g and 8.04 mg/g,respectively.Compared with the conventional extraction methods(e.g. the ultrasonic assisted extraction(UAE) and the heat reflux extraction(HRE)),the IL-UPE method was rapid(extraction time：2 min),effective and also environment-friendly.