The 55.2-138.2 ℃fraction of coal direct liquefaction hydrogenation modification oil was cut out by distillation tester of petroleum products SYD-6536C，and a method was developed for the analysis of 55.2-138.2 ℃fraction of coal direct liquefaction hydrotreated oil by heart-cutting two-dimensional GC-MS.A PONA capillary chromatographic column（50 m×200 μm×0.5 μm） was used for chromatographic condition optimization，and the best chromatographic separation condition for 55.2-138.2 ℃ fraction of coal direct liquefaction hydrotreated oil were obtained.The oil sample would be separated on the first capillary chromatographic column in the best experimental conditions.Then the target compounds were cut out to the second chromatographic column（DB-35MS,30 m×250 μm×0.25 μm） by Dean Switch micro flow control system，which would get further separation.The identification was based on hydrocarbon compounds retention rules on PONA，compound retention index，standard compound retention value and mass spectra library searching.With those methods，66 compounds of 55.2-138.2 ℃ fraction of coal direct liquefaction hydrotreated oil were identified.Ignoring the effect of compounds relative correction factor due to the similar compounds structure properties in the oil sample，the area normalization method was used for the quantitative analysis.The proposed method was simple，rapid and accurate，and could be used for composition determination of light petroleum distillate of coal direct liquefaction hydrotreated oil.Also the method provides reference for detailed analysis of high petroleum distillate of coal direct liquefaction hydrotreated oil and other oil sample.