The pyrolysis behavior of 3-pyridine formic acid anisalcohol ester was analyzed by on-line pyrolysis/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（Py/GC-MS）.Firstly,target compound 3-pyridine formic acid anisalcohol ester was synthesized by acyl chlorination and esterification.The structure of the target compound was confirmed by 1H NMR,13C NMR,IR and HRMS,and its stability was studied by the method of TG-DTG-DSC.In air atmosphere,target compound was pyrolyzed at 300,600,900 ℃,respectively.The pyrolysis products were analyzed by GC-MS qualitatively and semi quantitatively.The result showed that the target compound experienced two mass loss.The first mass loss occurred between 129.9 ℃ and 158.9 ℃,and the mass loss was 2.3%.The second mass loss was between 158.9 ℃ and 274.9 ℃,the mass loss reached up to 901%,and the mass loss rate peaked at 230.1 ℃.44 kinds of compounds were detected,including flavor characteristic compounds such as 4-methoxy-benzaldehyde,4-methyl-phenol,alpha-terpineol,1-methoxy-4-methyl-benzene and methoxy-benzene.The result also indicated that pyrolysis temperature had significant effects on the type and relative content of pyrolysis products.The relative content of α calacorene was the highest at 300 ℃,and the highest contents of 4-methoxy benzaldehyde and 4-methyl-phenol were at 600 ℃ and 900 ℃,respectively.With the increase of pyrolysis temperature,the relative contents of benzaldehyde, methoxy benzene and 1-methoxy-4-methyl-benzene increased at first and then decreased,and the content of 4-methyl-phenol increased.According to the relative contents of pyrolysis products and their changes,the pyrolysis mechanism of target compound was preliminarily dicussed.