A high performance liquid chromatographic（HPLC） method was established for the analysis of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in cigarette capsules based on a novel extraction tube device integrating extraction，filtering and transfer in one step.The cigarette capsules were extracted with aqueous solution of acetonitrile（50% by volume） for 25 min.After purification，the extracts were allowed to derivatively react with 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine in an acidic condition（pH 48）.Then the derivatives of the extracts were analyzed by HPLC.The results indicated that the extraction tube device greatly simplified the sample preparation for HPLC analysis.Furthermore，the formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in the capsules were successfully separated and determined.The calibration curves for them both were linear in the ranges of 8-1 500 μg/L and 10-1 650 μg/L，respectively，with their correlation coefficients（r2） larger than 0999.The limits of detection（LOD） and quantitation（LOQ） for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were 25 μg/L and 28 μg/L，and 80 μg/L and 95 μg/L，respectively.The mean recoveries for the target compounds were in the range of 969%-1011% with the intra day and inter day precisions both below 4%.The method provides a new strategy for the quantitation on formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in cigarette capsules with unprecedented simplicity，high precision and great reproducibility.