最新刊期
卷 42 ， 期 8 ， 2023
- 摘要：A rapid analytical method of ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography－quadrupole－time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry（UHPLC－Q－TOF MS） and molecular network integration was established for the identification of alkaloids in Nelumbinis Folium in this paper．The Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column（100 mm × 2.1 mm，1.8 μm） was selected for gradient elution，with water-0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid as the mobile phases at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min，and mass spectrometry data informations were collected in positive ion mode．MS/MS data of Nelumbinis Folium extract after format conversion were uploaded to the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Network（GNPS） platform for calculation and analysis，and a visual molecular network was built with the help of Cytoscape 3.6.1 software，and three particle clusters of monobenzyl isoquinolines，aporphines and dibenzyl isoquinolines were obtained．According to the similarity of reference substances，chromatographic retention time，characteristic fragment ions，MS/MS cracking rules，literatures and other information，a total of 57 compounds were identified and speculated in Nelumbinis Folium，including 27 monobenzylisoquinolines，2 bisbenzylisoquinolines，25 aporphines and 3 other classes，of which 19 potential new compounds were reported in Nelumbinis Folium，and 30 compounds were found in Nelumbinis Folium for the first time．The method is rapid and accurate，and it could provide a reference for the basic research on medicinal substances of Nelumbinis Folium，as well as the rapid qualitative analysis of chemical components in traditional Chinese medicines.关键词：Nelumbins Folium;UHPLC－Q－TOF MS;molecular networking;alkaloids
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：An ultra high performance liquid chromatography－triple quadrupole linear ion-trap mass spectrometry（UHPLC－QTRAP－MS/MS） was developed for the simultaneous determination of 50 active constituents including flavonoids，alkaloids，phenolic acids，amino acids，and nucleosides in Epimedii Folium harvested at different periods，and the dynamic accumulation of multiple active conctituents was analyzed and eveluated．The samples were separated on an Agilent ZORBAX Extend－C18 column（2.1 mm × 100 mm，1.8 μm） by gradient elution，with 0.2% formic acid aqueous solution－acetonitrile as mobile phase at 40 ℃ and a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min，then determined by MS with electrospray ion source in positive and negative modes under the multiple reaction monitoring（MRM） mode．Meanwhile，single factor experiment and response surface methodology were used to optimize the extraction conditions．Grey correlation analysis（GRA） was used to analyze and evaluate the samples harvested at different periods．The results showed that there were good correlations between the mass concentrations of 50 constituents and the corresponding peak areas，with correlation coefficients（r2） not less than 0.999 0. The method showed good precision，repeatability and stability for all the target constituents．The average recoveries ranged from 94.5% to 107%，with RSDs less than 5.0%．The accumulation of multiple active constituents in Epimedii Folium reached its peak level in mid-July，and there were certain differences in the accumulation patterns for each category of constituents. The results of GRA showed that the top three quality samples are S9，S8，and S10，and the maximum ri difference value was 31.63%，indicating that the GRA model could distinguish the quality of Epimedii Folium in different harvesting periods．Samples collected from late June to late July had better quality，which were consistent with the traditional harvest period. With accuracy and reliability，the method established in this paper provides an experimental basis for exploring the dynamic accumulation patterns of multiple active constituents and further clarifying the appropriate harvest period of Epimedii Folium，and it also offers a new method reference for the comprehensive evaluation and overall control on the quality of Epimedii Folium.关键词：Epimedii Folium;multiple bioactive constituents;dynamic accumulation;ultra high performance liquid chromatography－triple quadrupole linear ion-trap mass spectrometry（UHPLC－QTRAP－MS/MS）;grey correlation analysis（GRA）
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：A near infrared spectroscopy with self-built online detection system was developed for the online detection of total flavonoids and the end-point determination in the extraction process of Meconopsis quintuplinervia Regel．in this paper．Total 403 samples were used as the modeling set to obtain the best pretreatment methods and modeling bands for principal component regression（PCR），partial least squares（PLS），decision tree（DT），and random forest（RF） algorithms，respectively．And the best modeling method was selected with the ration of prediction to deviation（RPD） value as the index．The feasibility for the assay model applied to real-time monitoring of total flavonoids content was investigated with 62 samples as an external validation set．In addition，the feasibility for direct determination of the extraction end-point by relative concentration changing rate（RCCR） analysis was also investigated using the model prediction values．Futhermore，the suitabilities for the determination of extraction endpoints by the absolute distance of standard deviation（ADSD） and moving block standard deviation（MBSD） method were compared．The results showed that the PLS model constructed under the pretreatment method Constant + first derivative + Savitzky－Golay smoothing and the modeling bands 5 300－9 000 cm-1 had the best results，which had the root mean squared errors for calibration and validation both less than 0.14，correlation coefficients for calibration and validation both greater than 0.97，and a RPD value of 4.68．The average prediction rate of the constructed PLS model for unknown samples was 79%，the correlation coefficient between the actual and predicted values was greater than 0.98，which meant that the model had a good prediction effect．The prediction extraction end-points determined by both RCCR and ADSD methods in the external validation sets were consistent with the actual end-point of 84 min．It can be seen that the performance of the proposed model was good enough．The real-time monitoring of the total flavonoids content in the extraction process of Meconopsis quintuplinervia Regel．was achieved through the accurate and rapid quantitative analysis of the unknown samples，and the determination methods with RCCR and ADSD as the extraction endpoint were accurate enough．This paper provided a reliable reference for the application of online near infrared spectroscopy in the extraction process of Tibetan herbal medicine.关键词：near infrared spectroscopy;quality control;online detection;Meconopsis quintuplinervia Regel.;total flavonoids
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：A method based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography－triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry（UHPLC－Triple Quad－MS/MS） was developed for the simultaneous determination of flavonoids，organic acids，nucleosides and amino acids in the stems，leaves，flowers and fruits of Lysimachiae Herba，and multivariate statistical analysis was used to compare the different parts of Lysimachiae Herba．The preparation conditions were optimized by single factor test．The samples were separated on an Agilent Extend－C18（2.1 mm × 100 mm，1.8 μm） analytical column at 30 ℃ by gradient elution，with 0.1% formic acid－methanol as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.30 mL/min，and analyzed under multiple-reaction monitoring（MRM） mode．Based on the results of content，the different parts of Lysimachiae Herba were comprehensively evaluated by the combination of hierarchical cluster analysis（HCA），principal component analysis（PCA），partial least squares discriminant analysis（PLS－DA），one-way analysis of variance（One-way ANOVA） and grey relation analysis（GRA）．The optimal extraction conditions were using 80% methanol as the extraction solvent，with solid－liquid ratio of 1∶10，and ultrasonic extraction of 60 min at room temperature. The results showed that the peaks for 40 constituents were sucessfully separated，with their correlation coefficients（r2） not less than 0.999 2．The limits of detection（LODs） and limits of quantitation（LOQs） were in the range of 0.21－19.76 ng/mL and 0.71－65.88 ng/mL，respectively．The average recoveries ranged from 99.1% to 102%，with RSDs not more than 2.9%．HCA and PCA could be used to discriminate samples of different parts，and gather stems，leaves，flowers，and fruits into one category，respectively，indicating that the same samples from different batches had stable quality．As could be seen from the heat map，there were fewer constituents with high content in the stem，and more constituents with high content in the leaves and flowers．Under the condition that VIP was greater than 1，PLS－DA screened a total of 13 important constituents leading to the difference in content．The results of one-way ANOVA showed that there were significant differences in the content of flavonoids，organic acids，nucleosides，and amino acids in different parts．According to the column stacking diagram of four types of constituents，the total content in leaves and flowers was higher，while the total content in stems was the lowest．However，it was difficult to directly determine the comprehensive quality of stems，leaves，flowers，and fruits．Therefore，GRA was used to evaluate the four parts，and the results showed that the comprehensive quality of flowers was the best，followed by leaves，and the comprehensive quality of stems was the worst．In conclusion，the results of multivariate statistical analysis showed that the content of 40 multiple active constituents in different parts of Lysimachiae Herba varied significantly，among which the comprehensive quality of flowers and leaves was better．The simultaneous determination of multiple chemical constituents combined with multivariate statistical analysis is accurate and reliable，and it could be used for the comprehensive evaluation on the quality of Lysimachiae Herba，which provides a scientific basis for the rational harvesting and comprehensive development and utilization of Lysimachiae Herba.关键词：Lysimachiae Herba;different parts;ultra high performance liquid chromatography－triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry（UHPLC－Triple Quad－MS/MS）;multiple chemical constituents;multivariate statistical analysis
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：Sichuan Ophiopogon japonicus is an important medicine and is widely used in clinic as it has the effects of nourishing yin and nourishing fluid，moistening lung and clearing heart．However，time-consumption and no on-site detection of the original medicinal material have always been the urgent problems to solve in its quality analysis．In this paper，near infrared spectroscopy was applied to the quality analysis of Sichuan Ophiopogon japonicus．Different grades of Sichuan Ophiopogon japonicus were collected，and the content data of water，extract and total saponins were determined by segmented experiment．In-situ and non-destructive detection of Sichuan Ophiopogon japonicus granules was performed by diffuse reflectance mode，and its near infrared spectra were collected．Meanwhile，different spectral pretreatment methods were used to deal with the spectrum in order to reduce the interference caused by particle size to the spectrum．The best pretreatment methods for moisture，extract and total saponins were multivariate scattering correction combined with standardization，multivariate scattering correction combined with first-order derivative，SG smoothing and mean center，respectively．Moreover，the variable screening method was used to extract the effective information in the spectrum，the best band screening method for moisture was piecewise random frog，and the best band selection method for extract and total saponins was variable importance projection．Finally，the model was established according to the optimal pretreatment method and the optimal variable screening method．The root mean square errors（RMSEP） of the model for moisture，extract and total saponins were 0.165 5%，0.401 9% and 0.078 4%，respectively，and the determination coefficients for validation（R
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：Based on the “spectral flavor” correlation between taste information and chemical components，the bitter substance basis of Atractylodes was efficiently explored in this paper．The bitter values of 34 batches of samples were determined by electronic tongue technique，the contents of total flavonoids，total polyalkynes and total lactones were determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry，and the contents of four components，i.e. atractylenolide Ⅰ，atractylenolide Ⅱ，atractylenolide Ⅲ and atractylon were detected by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）．The bivariate “spectral taste” correlation analysis was conducted between the bitter values of Atractylodes and the contents of four components and total flavonoids，total polyalkyne and total lactone in Atractylodes macrocephala Rhizoma．According to the correlation analysis results，three compounds including atractylenolide Ⅰ，atractylenolide Ⅱ and atractylenolide Ⅲ were screened out for molecular docking verification with bitter taste receptor TAS2Rs．The results showed that the contents of atractylenolide Ⅰ，atractylenolide Ⅱ and atractylenolide Ⅲ in Atractylodes macrocephala Rhizoma were positively correlated with bitterness response（p < 0.01），total lactone of Atractylodes macrocephala Rhizoma was positively correlated with bitterness response（p < 0.05），the total polyalkyne content was negatively correlated with the bitterness response（p < 0.05），the atractylon content and total flavonoids content had no significant relationship with the bitterness response．The AutoDock Vina software simulation analysis showed that atractylenolide Ⅰ，atractylenolide Ⅱ and atractylenolide Ⅲ combined well with the TAS2Rs bitterness receptor constructed by AlphaFold2 software．The constituents of total lactones，including atractylenolide Ⅰ，atractylenolide Ⅱ and atractylenolide Ⅲ，are the main substance basis for the bitter taste of Atractylodes macrocephala Rhizoma.关键词：bitter taste;Atractylodes macrocephala Rhizoma;“spectral taste” relationship;atractylenolide;electronic tongue
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography－quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UHPLC－QTOF MS） was established to identify the chemical components of Huangqin Tang and the blood components after intragastric administration in rats in this paper．The gradient elution was performed on an ACQUITY UPLC XBridge BEH C18 column（2.1 mm × 100 mm，2.5 μm） using 0.1% formic acid solution and 0.1% formic acid acetonitrile as mobile phases．Positive and negative ion ESI modes were used simultaneously to collect fragment informations．A total of 68 chemical constituents and 35 blood components in Huangqin Tang were tentatively identified by deducing the mass spectrometric cleavage pattern，and comparing with standards and library．The therapeutic potential of baicalein，baicalin，paeoniflorin，liquiritin，etc. was also discussed．The method is efficient，stable and sensitive，and it provides a reference for investigation on the pharmacodynamic material basis of Huangqin Tang，and it can also be used in the component analysis for other compounds to improve the efficiency of small molecule drug discovery in traditional Chinese medicine.关键词：Huangqin Tang;ultra-high performance liquid chromatography－quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UHPLC－QTOF MS）;chemical constituents;exposed components in vivo
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：A qualitative and quantitative double standards control method for Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was established，which takes the reference traditional Chinese medicinal materials as the primary standard but does not rely on the quantification of multiple reference materials．The characteristic chromatogram for Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was established by using HPLC technique and the reference traditional Chinese medicinal materials as the primary standard．The chemical components of the characteristic peaks were identified by Q－TOF MS．A total of 11 common characteristic peaks were indentified，and 8 components of Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi were identified through MS identification．After comparison with reference materials，four chemical components were identified among the common characteristic peaks，namely baicalin，wogonoside，baicalein and wogonin．Based on the similarity of characteristic peaks between the control and test medicinal materials，the authenticity of the medicinal materials，i.e. “quality”，was determined．The similarities between each batch of test medicinal materials and the control medicinal materials of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi were greater than 0.990．The internal standard component “baicalin” was accurately quantified，which was used to calculate the relative content of each characteristic peak in different batches of test samples．The “value of subtracting the standard deviation from the mean” was taken as the lower limit for the relative content of the chemical components of the characteristic peak relative to the chemical components of the internal standard substance．The advantages and disadvantages of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi were determined according to the lower limit for the relative content of the characteristic peak，that is，the “quantity”．This method could be used to clearly and quickly determine the authenticity of medicinal materials without any reliance on multiple reference materials，providing a reference for the quality control methods for scutellaria baicalensis.关键词：Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi;reference traditional Chinese medicinal materials;quality control;specific chromatogram;baicalin;dual wavelength equal baseline differential fusion
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：A gas chromatography－ion mobility spectrometry（GC－IMS） was developed for rapid and nondestructive analysis on the volatile components in American ginseng originated from Canada，the United States，and Shandong，Jilin and Liaoning of China．A total of 53 volatile components were detected in the five regions，including 13 aldehydes，13 alcohols，10 ketones，7 esters，3 terpenoids，3 pyrazines and 4 others．Combined with PLS－DA score plot，the GC－IMS fingerprint results showed that there were significant differences between the volatile components of American ginseng from different origins．23 differential volatile components were screened out by VIP > 1 and content ratio > 2．The contents of 2，5-dimethylpyrazine，α-pinene，ethyl butanoate，ethyl propanoate etc. in Canada were significantly more abundant than those in other regions，and the contents of 2-methyl-2-pentenal，2-heptanone，2-heptenal，2-octenal，etc. were higher in the United States，while the content of linalool was higher in the regions of China．The analysis of volatile components based on GC－IMS could be used to effectively distinguish American ginseng from different regions，providing a theoretical guidance for the origin identification，traceability and quality evaluation of American ginseng.关键词：volatile components;gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry;American ginseng;regions
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：A quantitative fingerprint method was established for several alkaloids in the raw medicinal materials，intermediates and preparations of Yuanhu Zhitong Koufuye．A DIKMA Diamonsil Plus C18－A chromatographic column（4.6 mm × 250 mm，5 μm） was used for separation with gradient elution.The mobile phase was consisted of solvent A（0.04% ammonium acetate solution，glacial acetic acid was used to regulate the pH value to 4.0） and solvent B（acetonitrile）．The detection wavelength was 280 nm．There were 7 common peaks in the fingerprint．The relative standard deviations（RSDs） of precision，repeatability and stability were all less than 5.0%．The linear relationships of tetrahydropalmatine and dehydrocorydaline were good within the range of 6.15－123 µg/mL and 10.15－203 µg/mL，respectively．The correlation coefficients（r2） were more than 0.999，and RSDs for injection precision and method repeatability were less than 5.0%．The sample solution was stable within 24 h．The average recoveries for tetrahydropalmatine and dehydrocorydaline at low，medium and high levels ranged from 89.6% to 107%，with RSDs less than 3.0%．The established method is stable，accurate and reliable，and could be used to detect the medium polar components in the medicinal materials，intermediates and preparations，investigating the quantity and measure value transfer of the components in Corydalis Rhizoma during industrial production．The method provides a technical support for improving the control level for pharmaceutical process of Yuanhu Zhitong Koufuye.关键词：quantitative fingerprint;content determination;Yuanhu Zhitong Koufuye;tetrahydropalmatine;dehydrocorydaline
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：The comprehensively quantitative research on purine（nucleoside） constituents in Bombyx batryticatus is still deficient as they are the main genetic substances in cell life activities of organism．In this article，by using an ACE Excel 2 AQ aqueous column（2.1 mm × 150 mm，2 µm） and a mobile phase system of 10 mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution－methanol，an ultra-performance liquid chromatography－ultraviolet（UPLC－UV） fingerprint method for purine（nucleoside） components in Bombyx batryticatus was established for the first time via the optimized sample extraction and chromatographic conditions．Nine characteristic peak compounds were identified by quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry（Q－TOF MS），and the mass fragmentation patterns were summarized subsequently．Among these，2′-methoxy-guanosine monophosphate，6-（β-hydroxyethyl amino）-purine，2′-methoxy-adenosine monophosphate，and N6-（2-hydroxyethyl）-adenosine were firstly identified from Bombyx batryticatus. Seven components，including guanine，uridine，adenine，guanosine，6-（β-hydroxyethylamino）-purine，adenosine，and N6-（2-hydroxyethyl）-adenosine，were absolutely quantified based on the developed method．Besides，relative determinations of 2′-methoxy guanosine monophosphate and 2′-methoxy adenosine monophosphate were carried out due to the lack of standards．Method validation results demonstrated that the relative standard deviations（RSDs） for precision，reproducibility，stability and robustness of each indicator component were not more than 5.0%．Seven compounds showed good linearities（r2 ≥ 0.999 4），the limits of dection（LODs） were in the range of 0.266－0.474 μg/mL and the limits of quantitation（LOQs） were 0.843－1.58 μg/mL. The average spiked recoveries ranged from 94.0% to 101% with RSDs not more than 3.4%．Comparative analysis on 13 batches of Bombyx batryticatus originated from different regions was then conducted，and significant differences were found in the contents of each component．This study could provide a technical support and a scientific basis for the quality evaluation on Bombyx batryticatus.关键词：Bombyx batryticatus;purine（nucleoside）;fingerprint;multi-index quantification;UPLC－UV－Q－TOF MS
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：A high performance liquid chromatography－inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（HPLC－ICP－MS） was established for the determination of arsenic species in Sepiae Endoconcha．Research on the transfer rates of arsenic and arsenic species in Sepiae Endoconcha after decoction was carried out．All samples were extracted with 0.02 mol/L EDTA－2Na solution by ultrasonic extraction for 60 min，and the arsenic species were separated on a Dionex IonPac As7 anion exchange column by gradient elution，with 20 mmol/L and 100 mmol/L ammonium carbonate as the mobile phases．The results showed that As B and As C were detected in total 27 batches of samples，in which DMA was detected in 26 batches，MMA was detected in 10 batches and trace As Ⅲ was detected in only 1 batch．Moreover，3 kinds of unknown arsenic species were found in Sepiae Endoconcha．The average transfer rates for arsenic and arsenic species were more than 50%，which varied in different batches．With high accuracy and specificity，the method clarified the distributions of arsenic species in Sepiae Endoconcha，revealing the transformations of arsenic and arsenic species，and it could lay a foundation for the safety evaluation of Sepiae Endoconcha.关键词：Sepiae Endoconcha;arsenic species;high performance liquid chromatography－inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry;content determination;transfer rate
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：A method for identifying the storage years of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae was established in this paper．The main chemical components in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography－quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC－Q－TOF MS），and the variation of chemical components in samples with different storage years were studied．Results showed that there were six pentamethoxyflavanone isomers of C20H22O7，and the transformation rules for the six isomers were found with the increase of the storage years．With the increase of storage years，the contents of the first three compounds decreased，while the contents of the last three compounds increased．Ratios of the last three compounds to the first three compounds had a significant linear relationship with the storage years．Based on the conversion factor（S） of the six characteristic flavonoids，a model for calculating the storage years of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae was established．The correlation coefficient（r2） for the established model was 0.90，and the verified results showed that the prediction errors for all the model group samples were not more than 2 years，and the prediction errors for 90.0% samples in validation group were not more than 2 years．These results indicated that the established method was accurate and reliable，and it provided a scientific basis for identification on the storage years of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae.关键词：Pericarpium citri reticulatae;storage years;high-performance liquid chromatography－quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry;conversion factor
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发布时间：2023-10-24
Scientific Papers
- 摘要：Pills have been holding a significant place in traditional Chinese medicine formulations since ancient time．Chinese medicine pills have occupied a considerable portion of the products brought to market due to their concise preparation process and precise therapeutic effects．Therefore，it is quite essential to strictly control the quality of raw materials in order to improve the overall quality of traditional Chinese medicine pills．However，it is equally crucial to monitor and optimize the pill preparation process，and to comprehensively and accurately characterize the final product quality．Achieving these objectives is critical for improving product quality，which needs the help of modern analytical techniques．The current progress on the applications of key techniques such as image analysis technique，biosensing technique，spectroscopy and its imaging technique and fingerprint technique in the quality characterization and production process control of traditional Chinese medicine pills are systematically reviewed in this article，based on literature review and analysis of related standards．Furthermore，the application scenarios，potential，advantages，and limitations of these techniques are also systematically summarized．Finally，an outlook is provided for their future improvement，combination，and strategies for upgrading the quality of traditional Chinese medicine pills since their relatively low popularity and certain application limitations exist in traditional Chinese medicine pill production，aiming to provide a valuable reference for the research on the quality characterization and production process control of traditional Chinese medicine pills.关键词：traditional Chinese medicine pills;process control;quality characterization;quality improvement;image analysis techniques;biosensing techniques;spectral imaging techniques;fingerprint techniques
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：Traditional Chinese medicine is the material basis for the treatment of diseases by Chinese medicine，and its quality is crucial to the efficacy of clinical use and the development of traditional Chinese medicine．The quality of Chinese crude drugs and prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs，as an important pillar of the Chinese medicine industry，is particularly important．Although the state has taken various measures at the regulatory policy level to tackle the phenomenon of counterfeiting and adulteration，and certain results have been achieved，the overall situation for their quality is still not optimistic．At the technical level，the rapid development of science and technology has provided more diverse options for ensuring the quality and safety of traditional Chinese medicine．As an important product of scientific and technological innovation and development，rapid detection technology is an important booster for high-quality development in various fields，and the field of traditional Chinese medicine is no exception．Therefore，a review on the rapid identification techniques commonly used in Chinese crude drugs and prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs at the present stage is provided，the applicability and timeliness of existing rapid identification techniques in practice operation are discussed，some common characteristics and implementation strategies for rapid detection techniques are preliminarily summarized，and an idea for its future development direction is also put forward，in order to provide a reference for in-depth research on rapid quality evaluation on traditional Chinese medicine.关键词：Chinese crude drugs;prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs;rapid identification;authenticity identification
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：Chinese medicine is “safe，effective and quality-controlled”，which is the cornerstone of the development of Chinese medicine in China．However，the existence of endogenous and exogenous hazards not only affects the quality and efficacy of traditional chinese medic（TCM），but also may bring hidden danger to people’s medication safety and hinder the high-quality development of TCM．Therefore，it is important to explore effective methods to ensure the quality and safety of TCM for the rational clinical use of TCM．Exposure assessment，as a method for qualitative and quantitative assessment of hazard factors，has been gradually used to develop reasonable hazard limits for TCM in recent years．To this end，this paper focuses on reviewing various methods of exposure assessment for the assessment of TCM hazards and their applications in the field of TCM，and puts forward reasonable suggestions for the problems of the TCM hazard exposure assessment system in China．In order to provide a suitable exposure assessment model for TCM in China，and to provide scientific reference and guidance for the development and modification of TCM hazard limits and related safety testing in China.关键词：traditional Chinese medicine;hazardous substance;exposure assessment;limit standard
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：Mycotoxin contamination is one of the main aspects of exogenous harmful residue contamination in traditional Chinese medicine．Its widespread occurrence，covert nature，and serious health hazards significantly affect the quality and safety of traditional Chinese medicine products．With the increasing requirements for the safety control of mycotoxin throughout the entire traditional Chinese medicine industry chain，the demand for on-site rapid detection has been growing．Rapid detection techniques have gained more attention and application in the field of mycotoxin analysis，gradually becoming a valuable complement to large-scale instrument analysis techniques．An overview on the latest research progress in rapid detection techniques for mycotoxins in traditional Chinese medicine is provided in this article．It focuses on widely applied rapid detection techniques based on immunoassay and biosensors，as well as the functional roles of novel nanomaterials in related technologies．By systematically comparing the advantages，disadvantages，applicable scenarios，and development trends of different rapid detection techniques，the authors aim to provide a reference for the development and application of rapid detection methods for mycotoxin in traditional Chinese medicine.关键词：traditional Chinese medicine;mycotoxins;rapid detection technology;immunoassay;biosensors;nanomaterials
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：Traditional Chinese medicine processing is a pharmaceutical technology which is adopted according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine，the need of syndrome differentiation，the nature of medicinal materials．The research on processing chemistry of traditional Chinese medicine aims to clarify the changes of chemical constituents and their rules during the processing of traditional Chinese medicine，so as to lay a foundation for elucidating the processing mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine．Nowadays，modern analytical techniques represented by chromatography－mass spectrometry have been widely used in the research of Chinese medicine processing chemistry，which provides a powerful means to reveal the chemical composition changes of Chinese medicine processing，and also plays a great role in promoting the quality safety and control of Chinese medicine decoction pieces．The application of several modern analytical techniques in processing chemistry of traditional Chinese medicine is reviewed in this paper，and its future development is also prospected.关键词：modern analytical techniques;traditional Chinese medicine processing;composition change
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：Famous classical formulas are the product from long-term clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine．Focusing on the development of famous classical formulas is not only an innovation in upholding traditional Chinese medicine culture，but also an internal driving force for promoting the development of China’s traditional Chinese medicine industry．In recent years，the country has introduced a series of policies and guidelines to support and encourage the development of famous classical formulas．However，the selection methods for quality markers in famous classical formulas are not yet perfect，which poses challenges to the rational use of traditional Chinese medicine in clinical practice．A review on the methods for selecting quality markers in famous classical formulas is presented in this article，from the perspectives of raw materials，compatibility principles，preparation technology and component transformation，and modern pharmacological efficacy．Meanwhile，data mining is conducted on the process．Finally，the selection methods for quality markers in famous classical formulas are discussed，in order to provide research ideas for the quality control of famous classical formulas preparation.关键词：classical formula;quality marker;quality control;research progress
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：In recent years，the gut microbiota as an invisible organ has emerged as a new hot topic in research on organism metabolism and disease treatment，and has also received a widespread attention in traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM） analysis．Some prototypical components of TCM need to be transformed into more potent substances by gut microbiota to exert their medicinal effects after oral administration．The gut microbiota is recognized an extremely vital breakthrough in explaining the powerful pharmacological effects of TCM components with low oral bioavailability remaining in vivo．The traditional technique for cultivating gut microbiota and the emerging gut-like models are summarized in this article，while the gut incubation technique has been extensively applied in the analysis of TCM and biotransformation，but the latter application is less studied．The development of these emerging techniques has provided new research directions for the analysis of TCM，which might be used to further excavate new mechanisms for the interaction between gut microbiota and TCM．The integration of these methods with TCM research would be beneficial to guide the rational utilization of TCM，promoting the research and development of new TCM medicines，etc.，and would be of significance to enhance the international recognition of TCM.关键词：gut microbiota incubation technique;gut-like models;traditional Chinese medicine analysis;biotransformation;application
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发布时间：2023-10-24 - 摘要：Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） is a precious cultural heritage in China，and its quality control during the production process is crucial to ensure the safety and efficacy of TCM．Nevertheless，traditional detection methods are time-consuming and may cause damage to samples．Terahertz technology is an emerging non-destructive detection method with high resolution，non-contact，and non-destructive advantages．Combined with artificial intelligence algorithms，this method could be used to achieve the quality analysis on the entire process of TCM production．The principles of terahertz technology，terahertz spectral preprocessing methods，feature data extraction methods and artificial intelligence algorithm modeling，as well as evaluation and optimization of the model are firstly introduced in this article．Based on this，the applications of terahertz technology in TCM identification，content determination，and pharmaceutical process control in recent years are summarized．Finally，the development trend of terahertz technology and its application in intelligent manufacturing of TCM are expected.关键词：terahertz technology;traditional Chinese medicine;artificial intelligence;process analytical technology;pharmaceutical industry
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发布时间：2023-10-24
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