最新刊期
卷 41 ， 期 9 ， 2022
- 摘要：The development of research paradigms has been discussed for chemical science in general，and analytical measurement science in particular．The emergence of theoretical science（second paradigm） is really the birth of modern science．For chemistry，it is a difficult mathematization process．Actually，chemistry has not been recognized as a true science until the computational science（third paradigm） emerged．Similar processes appeared for analytical chemistry and analytical measurement science．The emergences of chemometrics and cheminformatics have accelerated these processes．This paper focuses on the relevant progress in the process of chemometrics/cheminformatics promoting research paradigm transformation for chemistry and analytical measurement science from the perspective of the research works carried out in the authors’laboratory．It is found that chemometrics and cheminformatics could help chemistry and analytical measurement science to mine more valid information in the process of boosting mathematization and step into the third paradigm of computational science．With the rapid development of analytical measurement science and the arrival of the data tsunami，chemometrics and cheminformatics as matured chemical subbranches and tools are promoting chemistry and chemical measurement science stepping into a new data-intensive paradigm．The paper ends with an outlook on some future research trends.关键词：chemometrics;cheminformatics;analytical measurement science;research paradigm
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：Integrated toxicology analyzer（ITA） is the first instrument system with the functions of online chemical analysis and toxicological evaluation in the world，which is independently developed by China．This system focuses on multi-target biological effect assessment and automatic separation or identification for toxicity directed pollutants，allowing toxic effect evaluation and identification of key substances in real sample．ITA is composed of four functional areas including sample separation and preparation，chemical identification，biological effect assessment，and comprehensive data analysis via integrating multiple automatic instruments，enabling the pretreatment，fractionation，toxicity testing and chemical structure analysis for complex sample with a high-throughput and automatic manner，and significantly improving the reliability and efficiency．ITA could be widely applied in various fields where it has served as an important technical support for environment protection，food safety and national security in China．Development of ITA and its applications in pollutants identification and toxicity screening are summarized in this paper．Furthermore，the future development and potential applications of ITA are anticipated.关键词：integrated toxicology analyzer;high-throughput;automatization;complex sample;toxicity analysis;pollutants identification
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：Wearable electrochemical sensing devices are a class of flexible electrochemical sensors that could be directly mounted on specific parts of the body and even implanted into the body．They are highly desirable for applications in healthcare，human health and environmental monitoring，etc．for real-time electrochemical monitoring，tracking and analysis of target analytes due to their flexibility，simplicity and portability．This review outlines the hardware design and the development of wearable electrochemical sensing devices，as well as their applications in sweat detection，neurochemical monitoring and point-of-care testing（POCT）．Their future development trend is also summarized and prospected to provide a reference for the further development of this field.关键词：wearable sensing;electroanalytical chemistry;sensors;electronic devices;electrochemical sensors
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：In recent years，near infrared spectroscopic technology has been developed rapidly，which could be directly applied to the qualitative or quantitative analysis of various complex mixtures such as gas，liquid and solid．It has the advantages of rapid analysis，high efficiency，non-destructive and on-line analysis，and plays a more and more important role in scientific research，industrial and agricultural production．Meanwhile，miniaturization of near infrared spectrophotometer is an important development direction．Recently，there have been some different types of commercial miniatured near infrared spectroscopic instruments based on Micro Electro Mechanical System and Micro Opto Electro Mechanical System．Handheld or portable on-site rapid analysis is a more economical，efficient and flexible method．It has the advantages of small volume，low power consumption，low cost and convenient secondary development．It has been widely studied and applied in many fields such as agriculture，food，medicine，petrochemical industry and forensic science．The rise of Internet of things technology in many fields such as intelligent agriculture，intelligent factory，intelligent medical treatment and smart city has become the main force to promote the development of near infrared spectrometer towards miniaturization．This paper summarizes the commercialized miniaturized（portable，handheld and pocket） near infrared spectroscopy instruments and their application progress，and prospects the development trend and future applications of this technology.关键词：near-infrared spectrum;stechiometry;miniaturized NIR spectrometer;portable NIR spectrometer;handheld NIR spectrometer
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：Ultra-thin conformal electrodes could be directly attached onto the human skin or biological tissue for long-term，continuous and real-time monitoring of the physiological data due to their advantages of ultra-thinness，flexibility，stretchability，breathability and biocompatibility．In addition，ultra-thin conformal electrodes have been widely used in some emerging fields such as health monitoring，medical diagnosis and human-computer interaction，solving the problems of poor breathability，bad anti-interference ability and uncomfortableness of traditional gel electrodes．In this review，the recent progress in the background，material，design strategy and applications of ultra-thin conformal electrodes is summarized in detail．Meanwhile，the key scientific and technical difficulties for the fabrication and application of ultra-thin conformal electrodes are also concluded．Finally，the perspective and challenges for the future development of ultra-thin conformal electrodes are discussed.关键词：ultra-thin conformal electrode;structural composition;monitoring of vital signal;adhesion
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：Heterogeneity in single cells has important implications for embryo development，neurogenesis and cancer progress．Single-cell transcriptome sequencing，decoding transcript sequences within cells based on high-throughput sequencing technology，can provide reliable and accurate research methods for cellular heterogeneity study to reveal the rule of biological development and disease progress．Different methods for single-cell transcriptome sequencing，single-cell multi-omics sequencing and spatial transcriptome analysis in recent years are summarized in this review．Challenges and perspectives of single-cell and spatial transcriptome analysis are discussed．Low-cost，all-round，high-throughput，high-resolution single-cell spatially multi-omics analysis is helpful to construct comprehensive and accurate single-cell atlas.关键词：single-cell sequencing;transcriptome;multi-omics;spatial transcriptome;research progress
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：In this paper，the progresses of mass spectrometry imaging（MSI） techniques，including secondary ion mass spectrometry（SIMS），matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry（MALDI－MSI） and ambient ionization mass spectrometry（Ambient MSI），as well as their applications have been summarized．MSI could be applied in the analysis of biological tissues or cells for not only some specific molecules but also known and unknown molecules simultaneously since it is a visual analytical method of label-free，high coverage and high sensitivity．The spatial distributions，relative contents，and structures of different molecules could thus be obtained simultaneously，to realize their qualitative and quantitative analysis，and position as well. Moreover，it can also provide the dynamic spatial and temporal changes of functional molecules in different physiological and pathological processes．Therefore，MSI has become one of the research frontiers and hot directions in the field of mass spectrometry and analytical chemistry and shows great application prospects in the fields of chemistry，medicine，life science，pharmacy，and environmental science．In addition，MSI is a powerful tool for single-cell visual analysis and spatially resolved metabolomics．It can help to obtain the spatio-temporal molecular dynamic profiling of things in different spatial scales，such as cells，organs，and even whole body．关键词：mass spectrometry imaging;secondary ion mass spectrometry;matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry;ambient ionization mass spectrometry;spatially resolved metabolomics
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：Extracellular vesicles（EVs） are nanoscale membrane-bound vesicles secreted by almost all the cell types to mediate intracellular communication via transferring bioactive molecules including proteins，nucleic acids and lipids．EVs have stimulated considerable scientific and clinical interest owing to their active participations in multiple pathophysiological processes and potential utility as diagnostic markers and therapeutic entities．However，EVs are extremely heterogeneous not only in particle size but also in the molecular compositions．Therefore，there is a desperate need to develop advanced techniques facilitating quantitative multiparameter analysis of single EV to identify different EV subtypes，unraveling their biological functions，and promoting the development of EV－based clinical applications．In this review， the emerging techniques for single EV analysis（SVA） in recent years are summarized．The technological advances in the characterization and phenotyping of EVs are described．Moreover，new insights into the challenges and the future development of SVA are given.关键词：extracellular vesicles（EVs）;single particle analysis;fluorescence microscopy;flow cytometry;nano-flow cytometry
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：Cell metabolism and drug metabolism are the key links in the screening and development of new drugs，playing an important role in promoting the development of human health. In general，study on cell metabolism and drug screening is mainly carried out via traditional cell culture determination，which is mostly under static culture conditions and cannot well simulate the dynamic cell microenvironment in vivo. Microfluidic chip－mass spectrometry is a new high throughput analysis technology. The dynamic microenvironment in cells could be highly simulated on microfluidic chip module，and samples could be detected online in real time via combination with mass spectrometry. This method has the characteristics of high efficiency，rapidness，simplicity and low consumption of samples and reagents，and is widely applied in cell metabolism and drug metabolism analysis，which is conducive to accelerate the development of drug screening. In this review，the microfluidic chip－mass spectrometry and its application in cell metabolism and drug metabolism are described，and the current limitations are discussed and prospected，in order to provide a reference for the development of microfluidic chip－mass spectrometry in the field of new drug development and cell analysis.关键词：microfluidic chip－mass spectrometry;ESI/MALDI－MS interface;cell metabolism;drug metabolism;research progress
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：The abasic sites（apurinic/apyrimidinic sites，AP sites） generated from the cleavage of N-glycosylic bond in DNA are one of the common lesions in DNA，which are formed via spontaneous hydrolysis，as well as a major intermediate during the base excision repair．If AP sites are not repaired timely，they may cause DNA replication stalling and DNA strand breaks，resulting in mutagenesis and cytotoxicity，and further cause DNA crosslinks or DNA-protein crosslinks．Therefore，analysis of AP sites will be helpful for the assessment of cellular oxidative stress damage or the toxicity evaluation of genotoxic chemicals．A variety of analytical methods have been developed for the detection of AP sites in DNA，including 14C or 32P postlabeling，enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） and liquid chromatography－mass spectrometry（LC－MS）．The research progress in the detection methods and biology of AP sites in DNA is reviewed in this paper，and the research prospects of AP sites are presented．关键词：abasic sites;DNA damage;mass spectrometry;DNA interstrand crosslink;DNA－protein crosslink
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：Cerium is one of the most active rare earth elements in the lanthanide family，and cerium oxide has been widely used in fields of polisher，decolorizer，catalyst and luminescence enhancer，etc．The spontaneous redox cycle between Ce3+/Ce4+ may generate many oxygen vacancies（Vö） on the cerium oxide crystal surface，which can accelerate the charge transfer in the reaction and make cerium oxide have high catalytic activity and oxygen storage and release capacity．The mixed-valence spontaneous redox cycle and the resulting oxygen vacancies have a significant impact on the properties of cerium oxide，allowing it to exhibit unique biomedical activities such as antibacterial，anti-inflammatory，anti-tumor and enzyme mimicking activities，which could be used in the treatment of many diseases．In addition，cerium oxide could be used alone or doped and compounded with other materials to build sensitive sensing materials for the analysis and detection of a variety of substances，which has become a hot spot for domestic and international research．In this review，the theoretical basis of cerium oxide as a sensing material is firstly clarified，while the research progresses of cerium oxide sensing in the fields of electrochemical sensing，colorimetric sensing，fluorescence sensing and chemiluminescence sensing at home and abroad are then summarized，and finally，the status of research and development of cerium oxide sensors are summarized，and an outlook for the future development of high-performance sensors is provided.关键词：cerium;ceria;sensor;electrochemical;colorimetric;fluorescent;chemiluminescent
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：Membrane proteins are able to carry out important biological functions attributable to the formation of membrane protein complexes（MPCs），which takes place when they collaborate with other proteins．These functions include participating in the communication between cells，signal transduction，and the recognition of molecular targets．The dysfunction of MPCs can lead to the occurrence of various diseases and clinical drug resistance．Investigation on the formation of intact MPCs is of great importance for both the mapping of a comprehensive protein－protein interaction network and the subsequent understanding of the function of membrane protein machinery．The overexpression and purification of MPCs still face significant challenges．Hence，how the MPCs are to be extracted from cells efficiently is of critical importance．As a result，there is an urgent need for the development of an extraction method which is capable of both ensuring the extraction efficiency for MPCs and simultaneously maintaining their structural stability．In this paper，the existing MPCs extraction methods and their application progress are reviewed，and their development prospects are prospected，in order to provide a technical support for the functional analysis of MPCs.关键词：membrane protein complexes;protein－protein interactions;efficient extraction;structural stability
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：Proteins are key biomolecules involved in a variety of physiological processes．Selective chemical modification of proteins provides powerful tools for the development of new classes of biopharmaceuticals and functional studies of individual protein in complex biological systems．Nucleic acid，a versatile molecular tool，has been widely used to construct selective protein modification strategies in the past decade. In such strategies，the nucleic acid can （i） serve as a template to assist the proximity of reactive groups to proteins，increasing the effective reaction concentration，and （ii） serve as a guidance system to achieve the selectivity of covalent conjugation by binding to proteins of interest（POI），and （iii） serve as a catalyst to enhance protein modification reactions in proximity．In this review，the progress of nucleic acid-mediated protein covalent labeling strategies is focused on，and the development and application of these strategies are described according to the classification of guidance systems.关键词：nucleic acid;protein;selective covalent modification
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：Surface plasma resonance is widely used for drug screening，and the analysis in biological，pharmaceutical，food and other fields due to its advantages of no labeling and real-time detection．Constructing a suitable biosensing interface is an important way to improve the detection sensitivity and selectivity of biosensors．This review describes the non-oriented immobilization methods using chemically coupled bioreceptor and the oriented immobilization methods that utilize specific properties of chemical bonding or biomolecules．The advantages and disadvantages of each immobilization method are summarized，and the future development is also discussed.关键词：surface plasma resonance;sensors;bioreceptor;immobilization
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：The analysis of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） involves many fields such as material basis research，drug metabolism and quality control，which is the basis for the modernization of TCM. With the development of modern analytical technology，great progress has been made in the study of TCM. In view of the difficulties of complex components，diverse metabolic processes and low concentration of analytes，the advantages of high-resolution mass spectrometry technology such as accurate mass number，high resolution and high sensitivity have obvious predominance in TCM analysis. This review summarizes the progress on mass spectrometry，including quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry，orbitrap mass spectrometry，Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry，as well as the application of high resolution mass spectrometry in the analysis of TCM，including chemical components identification，compound metabolism，plant metabolomics of TCM and harmful chemical components analyzing. Meanwhile，the application prospect of high resolution mass spectrometry is also discussed. It is hopeful to promote the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.关键词：high resolution mass spectrometry;traditional Chinese medicine;material basis;metabolism;plant metabolomics;harmful chemical components
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：Liquid chromatography－tandem mass spectrometry（LC－MS/MS） is an effective tool for material basis research of traditional Chinese medicines（TCMs）．However，it remains a great challenge in processing the complex LC－MS/MS data due to the inherent complexity of TCMs．Diagnostic ions are fragment ions representing the characteristic fragmentation behavior of a specific structure type，which are generated by collision-induced dissociation in tandem mass spectrometry．It is a popular data post-processing method to use diagnostic ions as filter to process raw data manually or automatically，and thus to identify the structural types of components in complex TCM samples．Compared with multiple data-processing approaches，such as mass defect filtering（MDF），neutral loss filtering（NLF） and molecular networking（MN），diagnostic ion technology could realize the identification of components with unknown substituents and eliminate the interference of impurities or co-elution components to a certain extent，which has unique advantages in the non-targeted identification of components in TCM．This article summarizes the application of diagnostic ion technology in mass spectrometry analysis of chemical components in TCM，including flavonoids，alkaloids，phenylpropanoids，phenolic acid，terpenoids and steroids in the past ten years．The development of diagnostic ion technology is also looked forward.关键词：diagnostic ions;mass spectrometry analysis of traditional Chinese medicine;chemical component identification
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：The structures and physicochemical properties of chiral compounds are similar，but their pharmacological effects or toxicity levels in living species are quite different，and their improper usage might hurt humans greatly．As a result，developing an effective and precise approach for chiral compounds detection is critical．However，traditional detection methods are tedious，time-consuming，and difficult to identify chiral compounds in complex systems，which severely limit the progress of chiral chemistry．Raman spectroscopy，as a powerful surface-interface analysis technique，could not only provide rich structural information of compounds，but also have the advantages of nondestructive and rapid detection，showing a broad application prospect in the detection of chiral compounds．In this paper，recent development of Raman spectroscopy in the detection of chiral compounds is reviewed，including Raman photoactivity spectroscopy，enantioselective Raman spectroscopy，low frequency Raman spectroscopy，and surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy．Finally，the problems that need to be solved urgently are presented，and the development trend is foreseen.关键词：Raman spectrum;chiral compounds;research progress
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发布时间：2023-01-04 - 摘要：The use of pesticides has been increasing year by year in order to improve the yield and quality of crops．However，the excessive use of pesticides has increased the pollution of soil，water and crops，posing a serious threat to the environment and human health．Therefore，rapid and sensitive detection of pesticide residues is essential．In recent years，a variety of techniques and products for the rapid detection of pesticide residues have been developed．The research progress of multiple identification methods for pesticide detection is introduced in this review，including biological recognition based on proteins and aptamers，non-biological recognition based on nanomaterials and macrocyclic compounds，and direct recognition based on the unique optical and chemical properties of pesticides．Finally，the research forecast on the rapid detection of pesticide residues is proposed to provide research ideas and directions for point-of-care testing（POCT） of pesticide.关键词：point-of-care testing（POCT）;pesticide residue;pesticide detection;biological recognition;non-biological recognition;direct recognition
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发布时间：2023-01-04
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