Protein carbonylation,an irreversible post translational modification,is closely related to many diseases and aging.The analysis of protein carbonylation is a challenge due to its low abundance,low ionization efficiency and relative chemical instability.Advances in mass spectrometry based proteomics have made it possible to conduct large scale studies on protein carbonylation,providing in turn the data support for the study of related regulatory pathways of protein carbonylation.The concept,pathways and analysis methods of protein carbonylation are presented in this review,and the advances in proteomic analysis of protein carbonylation are highlighted.