Water plays an important role in chemical and biological processes,attracting wide interest in the structure of water.Based on the effect of temperature on structure of water,a temperature dependent near infrared spectroscopy was proposed and applied to the quantitative and structural analysis of aqueous solutions.Meanwhile,chemometrics was adopted to extract the temperature induced spectral variation of the water.In this article,recent works on the structural analysis of small molecules and the structural transformation of proteins and thermo responsive polymers were summarized.The structural changes and the interactions of them in aqueous solutions,as well as the role of water in the chemical processes were studied using the spectral variation of water with temperature.