A new fluorescent labeling reagent,1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-propionohydrazide difluoroboradiaza s indacene (BODIPY propionohydrazide）,was synthesized for the determination of C1-C12 aliphatic aldehydes by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC）. The experimental conditions were optimized. In the presence of phosphorous acid as a catalyst，the derivatization reaction of BODIPY propionohydrazide with aldehydes was completed in 30 min at 60 ℃.The stable BODIPY hydrazone derivatives(except for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde derivatives） could be separated in 20 min with acetonitrile（containing 20% tetrahydrofuran） and HCOOH-NH3?H2O as mobile phase（pH=6.5）. Under the optimal conditions,the calibration curves of C1-C12 aliphatic aldehydes were linear in the range of 0.01-2.00 μmol?L-1 with detection limits(S/N=3） of 0.23-0.78 nmol?L-1. The established method was applied in the determination of aliphatic aldehydes in wine samples with spiked recoveries of 95%-105%.