As a kind of chromatographic columns developed rapidly in recent years，the monolithic columns have been widely applied in biological sample analysis for their high resolution，low-cost preparation，long service life，good stability and other advantages. The recent development of organic polymer monolithic columns was reviewed. The preparation process，raw materials for preparation （monomer，crosslinker，initiator and porogen） and initiation methods were outlined. In addition，the modified organic polymer monolithic columns made up of organic polymer monolith with the derived surface，monolithic column combining the nano-materials with organic polymer monolith and organic-inorganic hybrid monolith were discussed according to the ways of modification technology. The application of organic polymer monolithic columns in the pretreatment of biological sample were summarized，especially in capillary electrochromatography（CEC），microcolumn liquid chromatography（μ-HPLC） and micro-analysis system（μ-TAS）. Finally，the trends and future perspectives of organic polymer monolithic columns were outlined.