The research of chloramphenicol reference material in carps meat as a matrix was investigated.The reference material was prepared by adding chloramphenicol to feeding carps，and the homogeneity and stability of samples were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（LC-MS/MS）.A cooperative certification was conducted by 8 laboratories.The property value is 5.23 μg/kg ，and the expanded uncertainty is 0.46 μg/kg as the coverage factor is 3.The result showed that the uniformity of samples was good，and the expiration date of reference material was at least 18 months.The reference material can be used in the quality control of residues detection.