An amphiphilic triblock copolymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic-acid) polyethyleneglycol-A10 aptamer(PLGA-PEG-Apt) was synthesized,and its characteristic peaks were investigated with 1H nuclear magnetic resonance(1H NMR).Nanoparticles gene delivery system was prepared by the water-in-oil-in-water(w1/o/w2)double emulsion solvent evaporation(DESE) method.Nanoparticle size measured by dynamic laser light scattering was (225.2±8.1) nm(Mean±SD,n=3),and zeta potential was (-35.5±-3.3) mV.SEM graphs show that the nanoparticles look round,and have smooth surfaces and uniform size distributions.The TFO encapsulation efficiency and drug loading percentage were (25.4±3.1)%(n=3) and (1.34±0.16) μg/mg,respectively.In vitro drug release study with TFO-NP-Apt,a sustained slow release was observed after an initial burst.A10 aptamer modified nanoparticles could penetrate into targeted LNCaP cells more efficiently,then inhibit the proliferation of cells.In this study,the targeted PLGA nanoparticles for gene delivery were prepared successfully.