The detection and traceability technology of characteristic components of agricultural products are powerful tools for government to regulate the market and protect geographical indications products.The recent research progress on the detection of organic chemical compositions and mineral elements,and the traceability of wolfberry are comprehensively reviewed in this paper,including chromatographic techniques（high performance liquid chromatography and gel permeation chromatography）,mass spectrometry and its coupled techniques（gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry）,infrared spectroscopy（fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and near infrared spectroscopy）,inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.More applications of chemometrics are also briefly introduced.The aim of this paper is to provide a valuable reference for the quality control and origin traceability of wolfberry,and preferably promote the healthy development of consumption market of wolfberry.