A method of gold nanoparticle based nucleic acid aptamers was developed for the visual inspection of organic phosphorus in Chinese herbal medicines.The nucleic acid aptamers were fabricated by using a broad spectrum aptamer specifically binding to specific organophosphorus pesticide as recognition element and nano gold particles as signal transduction element,immobilizing the former on the surface of the latter to construct four organic substances.Therefore,an organophosphorus aptamer was constructed for the multi residue detection of organophosphorus in Chinese herbal medicines.The solution system changes from red to blue as the residual amount of four organic phosphorus exceeds 1 000 μg/L,which could achieve the effect of rapid detection with the naked eye.With simple operation,good specificity and intuitive detection,the method is suitable for on site rapid detection of four organophosphorus pesticides in Chinese herbal medicines.