Microplastics refer to those plastic fibers

fragments or particles less than 5 mm in diameter

which have a wide range of sources and stable properties in the environment.They are ideal carriers for hydrophobic organic pollutants and heavy metals.Microplastics are easily ingested by plankton

fish and lower organisms

and transferred and enriched between trophic levels in the food web.As a new type of environmental pollutants

microplastics have posed a serious threat to the ecological environment

resulting in potential risks to food safety.Microplastics analysis techniques are the basis for research of microplastics distribution

migration

transformation

fate and ecological toxicological effects in the environment.The research progress of microplastics collection

separation

extraction and qualitative identification in environmental samples at home and abroad is reviewed in this paper

and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed.Finally

aiming at the problems and shortcomings of microplastics analysis methods at present

the future development trend of analysis techniques for environmental microplastics is forecasted.